Fire safety law - what you need to do
Fire safety law helps to keep people safe, reduces the likelihood of fire and makes sure people can escape safely in the event of a fire.
Check what you need to do to comply with the law and keep your business safe.
All businesses with premises (whatever their size) are required by law to have a written fire risk assessment and a record of the fire safety arrangements in place.
Who's responsible
The law places the responsibility for fire safety on the ‘responsible person’.
You are a ‘responsible person' if you’re:
- an employer
- an owner
- a landlord
- an occupier
- in control of premises. For example, premises occupied by someone self-employed, family-run businesses, places of worship, and voluntary organisations.
You may also be responsible for fire safety if you are the building manager, managing agent, or fire risk assessor.
There may be several 'responsible persons' if you share a building with other occupiers and/or businesses.
- See our guidance on fire safety in shared premises
- Guidance for landlords, letting agents and property managers
- Fire safety for self-catering properties and holiday lets.
Your responsibilities
To comply with the law, you need to:
- carry out a fire risk assessment of the premises and review it regularly (we recommend at least once a year)
- put in place appropriate fire safety measures and maintain them
- ensure those on the premises know what to do in the event of a fire or on hearing an alarm
- provide staff with information, instruction and training.
The government has published a set of workplace guidance documents that you can download for free, and also guidance for those with legal duties.
You can also download a copy of our fire risk assessment and fire safety logbook templates on our helpful tools for businesses page.
What’s covered by fire safety law
The Fire Safety Order applies to almost all premises, buildings, places and structures, where people work, visit or stay. For example, it applies to:
- offices and shops
- factories, warehouses, garages, and industrial units
- care homes, dentists, and healthcare clinics
- nurseries, schools and daycare centres
- pubs, cafes, restaurants, and clubs
- village halls, community centres, and places of worship
- museums, libraries, exhibition and conference centres
- marquees, festivals, county fairs & village fetes, theatres, cinemas, and open-air concerts
- hotels, B&Bs, guest houses, boarding schools, holiday lets, staff accommodation, and campsites
- common areas of multi-occupied residential buildings. For example blocks of flats and houses of multiple occupation (HMO). See our advice for landlords and letting agents.
Fire safety law applies if anyone pays to stay in your property, other than to live there as a permanent home. It applies whether you rent out one room or the whole house and whether guests stay for one night or much longer.
Any premises which are rented or hired by people e.g. wedding or party venues will need to comply with fire safety law.
- Guidance for landlords, letting agents and property managers
- Fire safety for self-catering properties and holiday lets
It does not apply to individual private homes (including flats and mobile homes) where people live. This includes second homes and caravans if they are for your own private use.
The law
The fire safety law for England and Wales is The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005. It is also known as the Fire Safety Order (FSO) and The Order.
These pages cover the basic guidelines - for more information you can read the Fire Safety Order.
The Fire Safety Order was strengthened in October 2023. In summary the changes mean:
- all business premises must have a written risk assessment recorded in full
- businesses that share premises must cooperate and share information
- residents must be given information on the risks and fire safety measures in place.
Read more about the changes made to the Fire Safety Order
Penalties
If you do not comply with the requirements of the Fire Safety Order, you could be fined and/or go to prison.
We are committed to making our communities safer places to live, work, or visit. We know that most businesses in Devon and Somerset take their responsibilities seriously. However, those that decide to place people at unnecessary risk will be subject to appropriate enforcement action. Learn more about how we enforce the the law.